HUMAN SEXUALITY
PSYCHOLOGY 252
TEST # 1
FALL 1997
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Instructions
1. Write your name and social security numberneatly on the scantron sheet.
2. Sign the Honor Code Pledge on this page.
3. Fill out the permission to post grades portion of this page.
4. Write your name neatly on pages 8 and 9.
MULTIPLE CHOICE: Please answer the following questions on your scantron sheet by darkening in the one best answer to each question. Each question is worth 2 points.
1. Reasons to take the course, Human Sexuality, do NOT include:
a. to clarify your attitudes and values about sex
b. to gain insight into yourself and those you love
c. to learn to be comfortable with sex and sex-related issues
d. to maximize your sexual health
e. all are valid and applicable reasons
2. According to the first video, and Brain Sex, hormones released prenatally affect sexuality in three
sequential stages. These three stages determine:
a. gender of fetus, age of onset of puberty and menopause, and strength of sexual drive
b. external genitalia, internal genitalia, and secondary sex characteristics
c. external and internal genitalia, sexual attraction/orientation, and sex-related behavior
d. gender of fetus, hemispheric-laterality of the brain, and size of the pituitary gland
3. According to Darwin, natural selection drives evolution. Which process is NOT involved
in natural selection?
a. mutation/change
b. competition
c. replication
d. variation
e. all of the above processes ARE involved in natural selection
4. According to the theory of evolution, the primal and over-riding instinct is to
a. live as long as you can
b. find a partner who is young and beautiful and therefore fertile
c. have as much sex as possible
d. acquire power and resources
e. pass on your genes
5. Sexual reproduction is preferred over asexual reproduction because there is
a. variety and new gene combinations with two parents
b. more care and protection with two parents
c. better bonding because of the fun and pleasure with a partner
d. asexual reproduction is not possible in multicellular (larger) animals
6. Which statement is NOT accurate in regards to Turner Syndrome?
a. The behaviors found in girls with Turner Syndrome are caused by a total lack of Estrogens
b. Girls with Turner Syndrome display an exaggerated interest in activities involving the home
and fashion, and a lack of interest in active, competitive play.
c. In Turner Syndrome, one X chromosome is missing.
d. In Turner Syndrome, the visual and language functions are more distributed in the brain.
e. All of the above statements are true.
7. Which statement is NOT accurate about the hormone testosterone?
a. Studies have shown that levels of testosterone increase after aggressive behavior.
b. When levels of testosterone peak in women, their sex drive increases.
c. If the brain lacks testosterone during development, then the release of testosterone after birth
cannot elicit as much aggressive behavior.
d. Testosterone influences the development of the right hemisphere of the brain.
e. All of the above statements are true.
8. Which statement is NOT accurate about the behavioral differences from studies on male and female infants?
a. Behavioral differences are found as early as, but not until, around 6 months after birth.
b. Female infants attend to faces more than male infants who attend more to moving objects.
c. Male infants are less sensitive to touch than female infants.
d. Female infants will more often cry when they don't get what they want, whereas male infants will more often make active attempts to get what they want.
e. All of the above statements are true.
9. According to Dr. Smith in her lecture on beauty, scientific evidence would support which of the following statements?
a. Beauty is only skin deep. (Beauty is biologically relatively unimportant)
b. Beauty is in the eye of the beholder. (Ideal beauty is almost totally culturally conditioned)
c. Beauty is the key. (Beauty denotes biological fitness and quality)
d. Beauty is as beauty does. (Behavior counts more important than beauty)
10. A newborn girl has:
a. approximately 25% of the ova she will ever produce.
b. approximately 50% of the ova she will ever produce.
c. all of the ova she will produce.
d. no ova, but they will be produced by adolescence.
11. The labia minora are:
a. thick folds of skin that resemble the color of the inner thighs.
b. poorly endowed with nerve endings and are limited in terms of a blood supply.
c. are highly sensitive to sexual stimulation.
d. endowed with cavernous bodies.
12. The clitoris is the only sex organ:
a. that has a small bone that emerges from sexual pleasure.
b. whose only known function is the experiencing of pleasure.
c. that has a pressure point, but does not emit fluid.
d. that produces sexual pleasure without increased blood flow to it.
13. The clitoris is:
a. opposite of the penis in terms of embryological tissue.
b. analogous to the penis.
c. homologous to the penis.
d. the same as the penis structurally and functionally.
14. Which of the following statement(s) is/are true about female mutilation?
a. Some believe it to be the most widespread violation of human rights.
b. Two million African girls go through it each year.
c. The sewing together of the labia to ensure girls' chastity occurs.
d. All of the above.
15. Douching and vaginal sprays are generally:
a. a good idea for hygienic purposes.
b. ineffective.
c. good because they help women "feel better" about their genitals.
d. not recommended, as they can cause vaginal infections.
16. _____ is the layer of the uterus that sheds during menstruation.
a. Myometrium
b. Perimetrium
c. Endometrium
d. Fundus
17. The ovaries are responsible for:
a. providing female hormones and regulating pelvic temperature.
b. producing ova and regulating pelvic temperature.
c. maintaining of the female secondary sex characteristics.
d. producing ova and female sex hormones.
18. The Pap Smear examines:
a. vaginal lubrication.
b. cervical cells.
c. the shape and durability of the vagina and cervix.
d. the integrity of the vaginal and cervical mucosa.
19. The size of female breasts is mostly due to the amount of:
a. glandular tissues.
b. mammary glands.
c. fatty tissue.
d. mild ducts.
20. The menstrual cycle is regulated by:
a. estrogen and estrodiol.
b. menses and prolactin.
c. estrogen and progesterone.
d. oxytocin and prolactin.
21. During menopause, a deficit of _____ causes "hot flashes" and other physical symptoms.
a. estrodiol
b. progesterone
c. estrogen
d. oxytocin and prolactin
22. Menstruation has been viewed as:
a. honorable and sacred by many a society.
b. unclean, impure, and a source of contamination cross-culturally.
c. dishonorable cross-culturally.
d. a source of wisdom by some pre-literate societies.
23. In our society, men are preoccupied with:
a. the amount of ejaculation.
b. penis size.
c. their body frames.
d. how long they can last without ejaculating.
24. In males, during sexual arousal the _____ and the _____ become congested with blood.
a. crura and glands
b. corpora cavernosa and corpus spongiosum
c. membranous urethra and causa
d. meatus and crura
25. In terms of penis size, women:
a. tend to reflect males' preoccupation with it.
b. agree that the bigger, the better.
c. rarely mention it as an important element of sexual satisfaction.
d. actually prefer smaller penises for vaginal and clitoral stimulation.
26. The scrotum is developed from the same embryological tissue that becomes the _____ in the female.
a. clitoris.
b. labia minora.
c. labia majora.
d. perineum.
27. The process of _____ takes place in the seminiferous tubules.
a. ejaculation
b. androgen production
c. spermatogenesis
d. LH and FSH production
28. Among other things, the drop in testosterone levels in men causes:
a. a reduction in muscle mass, energy, and strength.
b. reduced testicular size.
c. a drop in body temperature.
d. a reduction in body fat.
29. Pregnancy can occur from practicing the "withdrawal method" due to:
a. a leakage of the ejaculatory duct.
b. expulsion of fluid from the seminal vesicles.
c. viable sperm in the Cowper's fluid.
d. a urinary tract numbness.
30. Morning erections are due to:
a. a need to urinate.
b. physiological reasons and dreams.
c. a spasm in the corpus spongiosum.
d. spinal lubrication and reflex arc in the lumbar spine.
31. A retrograde ejaculation is a condition in which ejaculation empties into the:
a. seminal vesicles.
b. prostate gland.
c. scrotum.
d. urinary bladder.
32. According to the text and lecture, the only known aphrodisiac is:
a. certain psychoactive drugs.
b. variety.
c. a physically attractive sexual partner.
d. a derivative of natural oats.
33. There is _____ evidence that marijuana and other hallucinogenic drugs directly stimulate sexual response.
a. very little
b. no
c. some conflicting
d. much
34. Frequent cocaine use can cause:
a. phimosis in males and vaginismus in females.
b. dyspareunia in males and females.
c. erectile and ejaculatory disorders in males and a lack of lubrication in females.
d. urinary tract difficulties in males and females.
35. One secondary sex characteristic of females is:
a. hips become sounded with fatty tissue.
b. the voice raises.
c. the development of fine facial hairs.
d. the production of ova in the ovaries.
36. Women are able to have multiple orgasms, primarily because:
a. of the G-Spot.
b. of the inner layers of the vagina.
c. they do not have a refractory period.
d. they alternate having various types of organisms in different locations.
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TRUE or FALSE: Please answer the following questions on your scantron sheet by
darkening in the one best answer. Each question is worth 2 points.
37. The only genetic contribution to sexual differentiation is the presence or absence of TDF, which is
produced by the Y chromosome.
a. true
b. false-There are more genetic contributions
c. false-TDF is not produced by the Y chromosome
38. For both males and females, the three most important aspects of beauty are health, symmetry, and averageness.
a. true
b. false-This is true for males, but not females
c. false-This true for females, but not males
d. false-They are health, symmetry, and uniqueness
39. A unique feature of male flirting is the copulatory gaze.
a. true
b. false-Both females and males
c. false-Unique to females
d. false-Neither males nor females exhibit this behavior
40. A behavior shared by humans and other animals is body synchrony, or moving in tandem with each other.
a. true
b. false-Only animals exhibit this behavior
c. false-Unique to humans
d. false-Neither humans nor animals exhibit this behavior
41. Across cultures, 84% of males have more than one wife.
a. true
b. false-Only in some cultures do 84% of males have more than one wife.
c. false-Across cultures, only 50% of males have more than one wife.
d. false-Across cultures, only 10% of males have more than one wife.
42. Heightened intuition in females may be due to greater perceptual sensitivity and increased exchange of information across the corpus callosum.
a. true
b. false-Males are equally intuitive, but are less likely to admit it.
c. false-Females do NOT have greater perceptual sensitivity
43. Differences in male and female emotional response may occur because males have less cross-talk
between the emotional centers in the left hemisphere and the verbal centers in the right hemisphere.
a. true
b. false-Males are less emotionally sensitive than females.
c. false-The emotional centers are primarily in the right hemisphere and the language centers are
primarily in the left hemisphere.
d. false-There are no differences in male and female emotional response.
44. The presence of testosterone at any one of several critical times during the development of the fetus
produces wide-ranging male behavior across many functions.
a. true
b. false-Testosterone produces female behavior
c. false-At any single point, only certain functions are affected.
d. false-There is only one critical time.
45. Although their brain structures are the same, females and males have different 'preferred cognitive
strategies' because they use the same structures for different functions.
a. true
b. false-Females and males have the same 'preferred cognitive strategies' because they have
different brain structures, but use them in the same way.
c. false-Females and males have different brain structures which play a role in using different
'preferred cognitive strategies'.
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Mark each of the following statement as TRUE for Males (a), Females (b), or Both (c).
46. Ease with spatial judgments.
a) male b) female c) both
47. Greater ability to integrate.
a) male b) female c) both
48. Better judges of character
a) male b) female c) both
49. Greater focus and concentration.
a) male b) female c) both
50. Looking for a wealthy mate.
a) male b) female c) both
Name
Short answer questions: Answer the following questions in the space provided.
51. How would Darwin summarize the process of natural selection? (4 pts.)
52. Label the correct sequence of early human evolution with the numbers 1,2,3,4 . (4 pts)
_______Homo erectus males were only 20% larger than females, women did not show estrus overtly, and
both parents were needed to care for young.
_______The human infant was born prematurely in order for the enlarged brain and skull to fit through the thickened pelvis of the mother.
_______ Homo habilus developed greater agility with their hands and feet, made and used tools, and stayed together in tight bands.
_______When the primitive hominids were forced down from the trees in Eastern Africa, standing erect
was advantageous because of increased thermal regulation of the body and the eyes were at a higher level enabling a better view of predators and prey.
53. In Brain Sex, Chapter 11: "Minds at Work" and Chapter 12: "Bias at Work", the advantages of the complimentary strengths of males and females in the professional world were discussed. List 5 of the ways females and males display complimentary strengths as mentioned in these chapters. (10 pts.)
FEMALES MALES
1. 1.
2. 2.
3. 3.
4. 4.
5. 5.
54. In Brain Sex, Chapter 9, "The Marriage of Two Minds": it is suggested that marriage 'works'
because both females and males have to 'work' to make it successful. (8 pts.)
a. Why is it important for a female that a marriage work?
b. How does a female use her cognitive strengths to help a marriage work?
c. Why is it important for a male that a marriage work?
d. How does a male use his cognitive strengths to help a marriage work?
NAME_____________________________
52. Female Sexual Anatomy: Label each structure in the diagram. (9 pts.)
A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H.
I.
53. Male Sexual Anatomy: Label each structure in the diagram. (12 pts.)
A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H.
I.
J.
K.
L.