HONS
1850 Neuroethics – Spring 2019
Last edited: March 18, 2019
SCHEDULE
Class attitudes and goals
·
EPISTEMIC
HUMILITY
·
NULLIUS IN
VERBA
The field of
neuroethics
Introduction
William Safire is credited with
coining the term neuroethics.
A
good reference book is The Oxford
Handbook of Neuroethics, edited by Judy Illes. It
is available electronically through the Heard
Libraries.
For those who are
interested, here are some other resources
The February 6, 2019 issue of NEURON published the following
article on neuroethics
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A Neuroethics Framework for the Australian Brain Initiative
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Open Access
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Neuroethics is
central to the Australian Brain Initiative’s aim to sustain a thriving and
responsible neurotechnology industry. Diverse and inclusive community and
stakeholder engagement and a trans-disciplinary approach to neuroethics
will be key to the success of the Australian Brain Initiative.
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A Neuroethics Backbone for the Evolving Canadian Brain
Research Strategy
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Judy Illes, Samuel Weiss, Jaideep Bains, Jennifer A.
Chandler, Patricia Conrod, Yves De Koninck,
Lesley K. Fellows, Deanna Groetzinger, Eric
Racine, Julie M. Robillard, Marla B. Sokolowski
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Open Access
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Building on Canada’s
strong traditions in neuroscience and ethics, neuroethics provides a
backbone for the evolving Canadian Brain Research Strategy (CBRS) that,
from the outset, incorporates ethically responsible discoveries in brain
science into clinical, societal, educational, and commercial innovation.
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Responsibility and Sustainability in Brain Science,
Technology, and Neuroethics in China—a Culture-Oriented Perspective
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Yi Wang, Jie Yin, Guoyu Wang, Pingping
Li, Guoqiang Bi, Suning Li, Xiaohuan
Xia, Jianren Song, Gang Pei, Jialin
C. Zheng
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Open Access
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The China Brain
Project is in development. Integrating an ethical framework to identify and
assess ethical challenges and plan for solutions is a priority. Here Wang
et al. discuss ethical questions emerging from brain research in the
context of traditional Chinese culture and juxtapose the legacy of
Confucianism with contemporary thinking.
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The Human Brain Project: Responsible Brain Research for the
Benefit of Society
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Arleen Salles, Jan G. Bjaalie, Kathinka Evers, Michele Farisco,
B. Tyr Fothergill, Manuel Guerrero, Hannah Maslen, Jeffrey Muller, Tony
Prescott, Bernd C. Stahl, Henrik Walter, Karl Zilles, Katrin Amunts
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Open Access
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Recognizing that its
research may raise various ethical, social, and philosophical issues, the
HBP has made the identification, examination, and management of those
issues a top priority. The Ethics and Society subproject is part of the
core research project.
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Neuroethical Issues of the Brain/MINDS Project of Japan
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Norihiro Sadato, Kentaro
Morita, Kiyoto Kasai, Tamami Fukushi, Katsuki Nakamura, Eisuke
Nakazawa, Hideyuki Okano, Shigeo Okabe
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The Brain/MINDS
project aims to further understand the human brain and neuropsychiatric
disorders through “translatable” biomarkers. Here, we describe the
neuroethical issues of the project that have arisen from clinical data
collection and the use of biological models of neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Korea Brain Initiative: Emerging Issues and
Institutionalization of Neuroethics
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Sung-Jin Jeong, In Young Lee, Bang
Ook Jun, Young-Joon Ryu, Jeong-woo
Sohn, Sung-Phil Kim, Choong-Wan Woo, Ja Wook Koo,
Il-Joo Cho, Uhtaek Oh, Kyungjin Kim, Pann-Ghill Suh
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Open Access
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Neuroscience
research has become a national priority for the Korean government. Korean
scholars have dedicated interest in the societal ramifications of neurotechnologies; neuroethics is an integral component
of the Korea Brain Initiative and to the formation of its growing
neuroscience community.
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The NIH BRAIN Initiative: Integrating Neuroethics and
Neuroscience
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Khara M. Ramos, Christine Grady, Henry T. Greely, Winston Chiong, James Eberwine, Nita
A. Farahany, L.Syd M. Johnson, Bradley T. Hyman, Steven E.
Hyman, Karen S. Rommelfanger, Elba E. Serrano,
James D. Churchill, Joshua A. Gordon, Walter J. Koroshetz
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Open Access
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The NIH Brain
Research through Advancing Innovative Neurotechnologies
(BRAIN) Initiative is focused on developing new tools and neurotechnologies to transform our understanding of the
brain, and neuroethics is an essential component of this research effort.
Coordination with other brain projects around the world will help maximize
success.
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Mind-brain
relations
Basics of brain
function
Linking mental and
neural function
Here are the
items for discussion in class:
- A
short video on
mind/brain question (2 mins)
- Discussion of
mind, brain, and consciousness. (2 mins)
- Reading on
Dualism.
Here are a
few other resources:
Perception and
reality
For discussion
in class:
Here are the
publications mentioned in the video:
Consciousness
For
discussion in class:
For further consideration:
Introduction to
ethics
For
discussion in class:
Free will and
determinism
For
consideration before class:
·
Read
the Introduction and Sections 3.1 and 3.2 of Free Will (Stanford
Encyclopedia of Philosophy)
·
Watch
John Searle on The
Paradox of Free Will & Determinism
Law-Neuro:
Criminal responsibility
Law-Neuro: Lie Detection & Brain death
Lie detection
Brain death
Brain-Machine
Interfaces
“The
chemical or physical inventor is always a Prometheus. There is no great
invention, from fire to flying, which has not been hailed as an insult to some
god. But if every physical and chemical invention is a blasphemy, every
biological invention is a perversion. There is hardly one which, on first being
brought to the notice of an observer from any nation which had not previously
heard of their existence, would not appear to him as indecent and unnatural.”
--- J. B. S. Haldane in Daedalus of Science and the Future, A paper read to the
Heretics, Cambridge on February 4th, 1923
Reading for class
Genetics / CRISPR
Personhood
Altered States: Trauma
Altered States: Drugs, meditation
Neuroeconomics & neuromarketing
Theology
1.
Do you believe in God?
a.
38% Yes
b.
62% No
c.
0% Unsure
2.
Do you believe in a higher power?
a.
46% Yes
b.
15% No
c.
38% Unsure
3.
Have you held the same beliefs about
religion, spirituality, theology, etc. throughout all or most of your life?
a.
50% Yes
b.
50% No
4.
If your beliefs have changed
throughout your life, were those changes:
a.
43% Major and significant
b.
57% Minor
5.
If you changed your beliefs, what
most caused you to change them?
a.
0% Family
b.
0% Religious experience
c.
0% Non-religious experience
d.
60% Science/education
e.
0% Clergy
f.
20% Something else
g.
20% Equal amounts of combination
6.
If you had to identify as belonging
to one religious group (not culturally, but
theologically), how would you identify?
a.
8% Jewish
b.
8% Protestant
c.
8% Catholic
d.
0% LDS
e.
0% Muslim
f.
8% Hindu
g.
0% Jainist
h.
0% Sikh
i.
0% Buddhist
j.
0% Shinto
k.
0% Taoist
l.
38% Atheist
m.
31% Agnostic
7.
How do you use your religion’s holy
texts?
a.
88% For guidance or inspiration
b.
13% As a source of absolute truth
8.
Does human life have an inherent
meaning, beyond what you yourself contribute to it?
a.
33% Yes
b.
67% No
Mental Illness
Language / culture / music